Oil burner



OIL BURNER Filed Dec. 29, 1935 Patented Oct. 15, 1935 UNiTED STATES PATENT OFFICE OIL BURNER Application December 29, 1933, Serial No. 704,457

6 Claims.

feed is regulated by a single control, in which 'the oil when supplied is in proportion with the steam pressure, in which the generator is so formed that the flame is directed thereby towards the sides and back of the fire pot and away from the fire door and so as to provide a maximum heating surface and therefore a maximum evaporating capacity for the water supplied thereto, in which the initial temperature of the generator is maintained by means of a continuous burning pilot, in which a pilot is provided as a heating torch when it is desired to raise the temperature of the generator to convert the water fed thereto into steam, in which the water fed to the generator is preheated during its passage thereto, and in which the water remaining in the generator after the shutting down of the burner is automatically discharged, and it consists essentially of the arrangement and construction of parts as hereinafter more particularly explained.

Fig. 1 is a diagrammatic view of my burner, the gas, water and oil feeds thereto and the means for controlling such feeds.

Fig. 2 is a side elevation of the controlling mechanism.

Fig. 3 is an enlarged sectional detail of the water control valve.

Fig. 4 is a plan view of the combined starter and pressure control chamber on a reduced scale.

Fig. 5 is an inverted plan view of Fig. 4.

Fig. 6 is an enlarged sectional View through the oil feed nozzle body. Y

In the drawing like letters of reference indicate corresponding parts in each figure.

l indicates the re pot of a furnace provided with the grate bars 2 and a stack 3. 4 is a plate resting on the grate bars and formed with a central opening 5. 6 is an air preheating chamber provided with perforations 'I through which air passes into the re pot. 8 are supporting legs extending upward from the air chamber 6 and on which rests the annular starting and pressure control chamber 9. Iii is a well forming a steam generator depending from the bottom wall of the chamber 9. II is a steam outlet located directly above the well l@ and I2 is a steam outlet also formed in the top wall of the chamber 9 but spaced circumferentially from the outlet II. 9X is a deflector wall extending between the inner and outer walls of the chamber 9 between the outlets II and I2.

I3 is a humidifier supplied with moist steam from the outlet II through the tube pipe IIX. I3X Y 4 is a release valve operating on pressure as may `5 be determined to supply humidity. I4 is a nozzle body forming a chamber which is supplied with steam from the outlet I2 through the pipe I2 after having been dried as it passes from the I generator I on one side of the wall 9X around ICIv the chamber to the opposite side of such wall tothe steam outlet I2. IIIX is a steam nozzle inclined m an upward direction towards the bottom of the chamber S at one side thereof. |40 1 is an oil inlet which extends into the nozzle in 15 a forwardly inclined direction to draw the oil into the steam stream.

The chamber I4 is preferably divided into two portions as shown in Fig. 6 connected together by a transverse bolt I5, and having a strainer di- 20 viding the steam inlet and nozzle MX. I6 is a panel on which is mounted the feed control mechanism which I will now describe.

I will first describe the water control. I1 is a water supply pipe provided with a shut olf valve 25 ITIX and a reducing valve I'I and a strainer I1'.

IB is a preheating chamber located inside the stack 3. The chamber I8 is cylindrical in form, the water pipe II extending thereinto adjacent the outer end of the preheater. I9 is a water 30" feed pipe extending longitudinally into the chamber I to a point adjacent its inner end so that the water is heated as it passes longitudinally thereof from the inlet of the pipe I1 to find outj let through the open end of the pipe I9. 5`

20 is a nipple secured in the panel IB to which the opposite end of the pipe I9 is secured. 2I is a strainer through which the water passes to the pipe22. 23 is a T joint in one arm 23X of which l ,y is formed a fine duct 230 at the inner end of which 40 is a valve seat 23. The other arm 24 of the T is internally threaded to receive the cylindrical valve 24X which engages at its inner end the seat .23 when in the closed position. 'Ihe vertical arm 25 is suitably secured in the upper end of a tube 26 carried by a pipe 2l leading through the panel I6 and to the generator I0.

The lower end .of the tube 2B is open to provide a water discharge at 26X when the burner is .Shut down. 50

The valve 24X and the discharge 26 are alternately opened and closed by mechanism which I will now describe.

28 is a lever secured to the valve 24X at one end and extending forward through the slot IISX 55 of the panel I6. 29 is a solenoid carried by the panel HiA and provided with a vertical plunger core 30 having a slot 30X in its lower end through which the lever 28 extends. 3| and 32 are the main leads of an outside circuit. 33 and 34 are the leads of the inside circuit connected to the leads 3l and 32 by a closing switch 35. 34X is a controlling thermostat located in the lead 34. The inside circuit is normally open and is closed for operation by the switch enclosed in a casing 55 when the switch 35 is closed and operated by a manually operated lever 36. The circuits 33, 34, when closed energize the solenoid 29 and when energized raise the lever 28 to open the valve 24X permitting water to flow through the tube 26 and pipe 21 to the generator l0.

The discharge is held closed by a closure 31 carried on a link wire 38 secured at its upper end to a rod 39 hung at its upper end on the lever 28. The rod 39 is tubular to receive the upper end of the wire 3B which is adjustably secured therein by a` Set screw 45.

The wire 38 is bent intermediately of its length into a spring loop 38X which, when sprung open by the raising of the lever 28 on opening the valve 24X, holds the valve 31 in position to close the discharge 26X. When the lever 28 is lowered to close the valve 24X, the tension on the loop 38X is relieved allowing the valve 31 to lower and open the discharge 26X to drain the chamber 9 and generator l0 upon the shutting down of the burner.

In order to control the length of the downward movement of the core Si! and the lever 28, I provide a stop rod 40 slidably held in a guide 4l and having a handle or knob 46X at its upper end and a turned lower end 430 extending beneath the lever 28 to engage therewith at the downward limit of its stroke and acts as an emergency control to operate burner should electric power fail. This is accomplished by manually pulling knob 40X up.

The stop rod is secured in position by a sleeve 42 set screwed to the rod and engaging therupper end of the panel I6.

I will now describe the gas control. 43 is a gas supply pipe carried on the panel I6 by a branch pipe 43X leading through the panel and from which extends a gas pipe 430 leading to a pilot 44 to provide a torch flame. 45 is a gas pipe leading to a pilot 46 of a Bunsen type and which is constantly lit during operation. 'Ihe Ypipe 43 is controlled by a valve 41 similar to the valve 24X, 23 hereinbefore described and is operated by a lever 41X.

I will now describe the oil feed. 48 is a valve casing provided with a central inlet 49 at its lower end and having a vtapered valve seat 5B. 5i is a float contained in the casing and carrying a valve pin 52 which extends `through the top of the casing and coacts at its lower end with the valve seat 50. 53 is a weight carried by the lever 28 so as to engage the upper end of the valve pin 52 and-hold the pin in the closed position when the lever 28 is lowered.

54 is the oil outlet pipe provided with a branch 54X leading from the casing 48 to the oil inlet |40 of the nozzle I4.

1 Having described the principal parts involved in my invention I will briefly describe the operation of the same.

A gas cock (not shown) is first opened to admit gas to the pipe 43 to feed gas to the pilot burner which is then manually lit. Thelever 41X is then swung down to open the valve 41 and to feed gas by the pipe 43 to the torch pilot 44 which is lit by the flame of the pilot 46. By means of the torch 44 the chamber 9 is heated to a temperature of 225. The switch 35 is then closed. The

solenoid core 36 is then lifted, provided the cir- 5 cuit is closed at the thermostat 34X, raising the lever 28 to open the valve 24X allowing water to flow from the inlet l1 through the preheater I8 and pipe i9 to the pipe 22v and thence through the valve 23, (shown in detail in Fig. 3) to and l0 through the tube 25 and pipe 21 to the generator l5 which, after it is filled and overows, forms a lm of water over the bottom of the chamber 5. This steam, which is dried by passing around the chamber 9, passes through the pipe 15 52X to the nozzle chamber i4 and is projected through the nozzle MX. By the raising of the lever 28 as above described the discharge valve 31 is closed and the float 5l freed by the raising of the weight 53, thus raising the valve pin 52 oil 20 its seat and allowing oil to ilow through the pipes and 54X to the nozzle inlet l40 to mix with the steam discharge to be projected against the hot surface of the chamber 9 to be ignited thereby and form a ame which is spread in fan shape 25 by the vanes 55 which also passes through the open centre 3 to be deflected around the top of the chamber 9 by the -deflector 55. rIhe valve 41 then closed extinguishing the torch llame of the pilot 44. 30

By means of the ame from the nozzle 94X the water in the generator iii is converted into steam. Some of such steam loaded with moisture passes to the humidiier. The remaining steam passes around the chamber to the outlet l2. The water 35 is fed to the qenerator i5 at a given pressure and initially lls and overflows the same. Steam is then formed in the chamber 9 building up a steam pressure opposing the water pressure and creating back pressure against the incoming water 4,-0 which controls the necessary water flow to continue an even flow or pressure of steam in proportion to water pressure.

It will thus be seen that a balance is continually sought in the device between water and 46 steam pressure.

From the foregoing it will be seen that I have devised a device in which a motor or other revolving parts are dispensed with rendering the device noiseless and materially reducing the cost of manufacture, in which the feed of water and oil are regulated by a single automatic control, in which the oil is supplied in proportion to the steam pressure through the operation of the lever2l and solenoid 29, the operation of which 55 is controlled by the thermostat 34X to supply water and oil to the burner as required by room temperature, in which the heat of the starter and control chamber is maintained by a continuously burning pilot, in which at starting the water may 00 be quickly converted into steam by a separate torch liaine ignited by the pilot, in which the water fed to the generator is preheated during its passage thereto, and in which the surplus water is automatically discharged from the generator when the burner is shut down.

What I claim as my invention is:-

l. An open topped steam generator, a water supply duct leading into the generator bottom, a pressure control chamber extending over the open top of the generator, means for heating the generator and control chamber to convert the water into steam, a valve for controlling the water supply, a drain valve in the water Supply duct, and means for automatically opening the drain valve on the closing of the Water supply valve and for closing the drain valve on the opening of the water supply valve.

2. An open topped steam generator, a water supply duct leading into the generator bottom, a pressure control chamber extending over the open top of the generator, means for heating the generator and control chamber to convert the water into steam, a valve for controlling the water supply, a drain valve in the water supply duct, means for automatically opening the drain valve on the closing of the water supply valve and for closing the drain valve on the opening of the water supply valve comprising an electric circuit, and means energized thereby for operating the water supply and drain valves.

3. An open topped steam generator, a water supply duct leading into the generator bottom, a pressure control chamber extending over the open top of the generator, means for heating the generator and control chamber to convert the water into steam, a valve for controlling the water supply, a drain valve in the water supply duct, means for automatically opening the drain valve on the closing of the water supply valve and for closing the drain valve on the opening of the Water supply valve comprising an electric circuit, a solenoid in said circuit, a solenoid core, and means operated by the raising of the core as the solenoid is energized for operating the water supply and drain valves.

4. An open topped steam generator, a water supply duct leading into the generator bottom, a pressure control chamber extending over the open top of the generator, means for heating the generator and control chamber to convert the water into steam, a water supply valve operated by rotation, a lever secured to the rotating part, means for automatically raising the lever to open the water supply valve in accordance with temperature requirements, a drain valve connected to the Water supply duct, and connecting means between the lever and drain valve operated by the raising of the lever for closing the drain valve and for opening the drain valve by the lowering of the lever.

5. An open topped steam generator, a water supply duct leading into the generator bottom, a pressure control chamber extending over the open top of the generator, means for heating the generator and control chamber to convert the water into steam, a water supply valve operated by rotation, a lever secured to the rotating part, means for automatically raising the lever to open the water supply valve in accordance with temperature requirements, a drain valve connected to the water supply duct, connecting means between the leverand drain valve operated by the raising of the lever for closing the drain valve and for opening the drain valve by the lowering of the lever, and resilient means incorporated in said connecting means for holding said drain Valve to its seat.

6. The combination with an open topped steam generator, a water supply pipe leading into the bottom of the generator, an annular pressure control chamber having an orifice in the bottom thereof in which the open top of the generator is secured, a dividing wall extending between the inner and outer walls and between the top and bottom walls of the control chamber and in proximity to the generator, and a steam outlet leading from the control chamber at one side of the dividing wall adjacent the steam generator and a steam outlet leading from the control chamber at the other side of the dividing Wall at a point remote from the generator.

THOMAS HENRY MCCAULEY. 

